25 Active Adjectives for Your Résumé

In the United States, distance learning at the college level has some advantages but also some disadvantages that are pertinent to your ability to get the job you want with your online degree. It  becomes especially important for graduates of distance learning institutions to take steps to overcome this deficit when applying for a job. Your rà ©sumà © is where youll start. Deficits the Rà ©sumà © Can Help Overcome Employers often have some reservations about hiring graduates of online institutions—an attitude confirmed by a doctoral research study, The Market Value of Online Degrees as a Credible Credential, as well as by reports in U.S. News World Report,  The New York Times,  and elsewhere. The research study and news reports indicate that some reservations about distance learning graduates are simply the consequence of a lack of familiarity with the quality of education some online institutions offer—a reservation probably exacerbated by the well-publicized downfalls in of a few online degree institutions in recent years, especially the widely reported failure of The University of Phoenix. Beyond general (and sometimes not fully informed) objections to online learning by corporations considering new hires, there are some recurrent specific objections in the research study and news reports that you will need to address, including: Objections to degrees from unaccredited institutions;Objections to degrees from unfamiliar institutions;The belief that science and engineering (and some other) courses require hands-on classroom experience unavailable online;The absence of the kind of social experience available in brick-and-mortar institutions that prepare students for corporate employment—especially experience working in teams. How to Overcome These Deficits in Your Rà ©sumà © Here are some of the things you can do in your rà ©sumà © to combat these perceived deficits. Make it easy for whoever reads your rà ©sumà © to believe in the validity of your institution. Theres no one right way to do this but consider footnoting the first mention of your institution with a short but specific reference to its government accreditation. Dont simply supply the U.S. Department of Educations general website. Report concisely on the specifics of the governments accreditation of your particular institution. In no more than a sentence or two, differentiate your institution from others of lesser repute. If your institution has some famous alums, mention one or (at most) two.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Briefly—this is the most important word to remember when drafting your rà ©sumà ©Ã¢â‚¬â€point to whatever you can that establishes that while your institution may not be widely known, its an institution thats been in business for a while and is widely respected. If youve had other kinds of hands-on experience (and many distance learners have) state this early in your rà ©sumà © to dispel the idea that your online degree hasnt provided you with real-world experience. Make it clear youve had other experiences related to your field that are equally valid. Show that youre comfortable and experienced working with others, either in some program that your online institution provides or through your life experiences. Help your rà ©sumà ©Ã‚  reviewer understand your strong points by using a few adjectives that point them out. Strong Resume Adjectives You are: DeterminedHardworkingDiligentTrustworthyA team playerMotivatedReliableA self-starterLoyalStudiousAttentiveConscientiousIndustriousPersistentDynamicEnergeticEnterprisingEnthusiasticAggressiveConsistentOrganizedProfessionalMethodicalSkillfulPassionate

Causes And Effect Of Relapse - 962 Words

Recovery is the process of change that encompasses a lifestyle adjusted around complete abstinence and a developed method of dealing with life in a healthier manner. Within this process there is an existent opposition known as relapse that can deteriorate the progression of change. Gorski Miller (1986) lend to this understanding by describing the process of relapse as including a dysfunction in sobriety displayed in physical, psychological, or social health beginning before actual substance use starts again. Where relapse is defined as this deterioration of health after a period of improvement, a slip is a much shorter lapse in the recovery processes. A slip may begin much the same as a relapse, where the client begins to lose ground in recovery, but often recovers quickly and abruptly after use has occurred. The most common attributing factor to relapse is a stimulus that triggers the event. These triggers can release a series of automatic and habitual reactions to life’s pr oblems that cause so much pain that returning to substance use seems like a positive option (Gorski, 1989). Successful recovery hinges on the comprehensive understanding of triggers that lead to relapse, symptomatic signs pending a relapse, and defining relapse as it is viewed in different models. In every practical turn in life, there is an event that can trigger a change and how an individual may respond to this trigger will determine its outcome. The recovery process is a change of life andShow MoreRelatedAddiction Speech953 Words   |  4 PagesApproximately 1 out of 8 people in the United States suffers from some kind of addiction, according to www.brainz.org. If stats are correct a few of us in this room has or will struggle with addiction in our lifetime. I will be giving information on: the causes, treatment, and remission of Addiction. To feel good, to feel better, and do better. 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Antipsychotics administered by inje ction is one approach to managing nonadherenceRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Multiple Sclerosis967 Words   |  4 Pages Multiple Sclerosis Daniel Phuong Nguyen Dr. David Chen KNES 371 1:00 p.m. December 5, 2015 Word Count: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack myelin sheath causing neurological damage to areas of the brain and causes neurological deterioration. In the brain the myelin sheath is involved with what allows for communication between brain and the body. As the disease progresses the sheath deteriorates the neurons where the myelinRead MoreBipolar : Symptoms And Treatments1301 Words   |  6 Pages BIPOLAR Bipolar disorder is a disabling illness, with its extreme mood swings from depression to mania. Bipolar used to be called manic depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder is very serious and can cause risky behaviors, even suicidal tendencies. It can be treated with therapy and medication, but can lead to damaged relationships, social life and careers if it s not treated. Some patients frequently are undiagnosed, with some individuals living upRead MoreThe Problem Of A Relapse1185 Words   |  5 PagesA relapse is probably one of the worst feelings someone could have because of all the negative emotions that come with it. When someone relapses it is often seen as a failure to them and an incredible sense of guilt, â€Å"it’s normal to feel guilty that you weren’t able to keep up with your recovery, shame that you’ve let others – and you – down† (Facing Yourself After Relapse). These negative emotions come up because so much effort has been made t o not make these mistakes, but addiction is not an easyRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy1111 Words   |  5 Pagesoptions are supportive therapy, interpersonal therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy. The materialization of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as the most cost effective options in spite of their high intervention cost is ascribed to greatly lower risk of relapse of psychological intervention and their higher effectiveness compared with other intervention options. These interventions result in higher health benefits as well as a reduction in health and personal social service cost ascribed to social anxietyRead MoreThe Food And Drug Administration843 Words   |  4 Pages(FDA) approved naltrexone in 1994 to assist in the treatment of alcohol dependence (Mark et. al, 2003). According to multiple studies of various sizes the medication has been proven to be highly beneficial in assisting with alcohol withdrawal and relapse (Leavitt, 2002; Rohsenow, 2004; Williams, 200 5). With the approval of the FDA and the backing of many studies, why is this wonder drug not being more widely used? The following will address how naltrexone works and how it compares to other medications

Managerial Finance Financial Stability for Stakeholders

Question: Describe about the Managerial Finance for Financial Stability for Stakeholders. Answer: Introduction Financial statements of a business corporation represent its financial stability to the stakeholders. The financial position of a firm is determined on the basis of its financial statements that are used to forecast its future growth position. The financial statements facilitate investors and analysts to predict the future growth performance of a firm and thereby take effective decisions for investing in the firm. The comparison of financial statements such as balance sheet, income and cash-flow statement of a business firm is used by the decision-makers internally and externally to examine its present and predict the future performance (Laitinen, and Suvas, 2013). However, the occurrence of many corporate scandals such as Enron, Worldcom and Lehman Brothers has revealed that financial statements are not reliable for estimating the bankruptcy risk of a corporation. The corporate scandals have aroused the need of new approach for bankruptcy prediction of firms (Kennedy, 2012). In this context, the present essay examines the usefulness of financial statements for predicting a firm bankruptcy and the need of new approach to estimate the possibility of its default. Critical Analysis of Need for new approach for bankruptcy predictions by Corporates Financial statements have long been used for developing an insight into the financial position of a business corporation by decision-makers. The information provided by financial statements is not reliable as was revealed by the corporate scandals of Enron, Worldcom and Lehman Brothers. These corporate scandals are regarded as largest accounting frauds in the history causing major financial losses to the investors. The accounting frauds can be regarded as the use of false and deceptive accounting practices intentionally by a business firm in order to obtain the likely results of enhanced financial performance. The common approaches that are used by the business firm in improving the appearance of financial statements are overstating revenues by showing future expected sales, understating expenditure, inflating net worth of assets and hiding financial obligations (Rezaee and Riley, 2011). Enron Corp collapse was revealed when it filed for bankruptcy in the year 2001 before which the c ompany was recognised as a highly successful innovative and best managed business in the US. The main reason for the collapse of the company was its fraudulent accounting practices through which the company used to claim more profit in its financial reports than its actual profitability. The company had created its special purpose entities for preventing significant losses from appearing on its financial statements. The losses incurred by its special purpose entities were not consolidated with the companys financial statements. Thus, the company used to provide false financial information to the investors and analysts through its financial reports. The investors and financial analysts could not predict the possibility of default risk of the company that was revealed by its bankruptcy filing causing major financial losses to the shareholders (Johnson, 2003). Similarly, the corporate scandal of Worldcom occurred due to the mis-representation of information in the financial statements of the company. The internal audit of the firm has revealed that about $3.3bn in its profits are improperly recorded between the years 1999-2002. The company had held these profits as reserves and intentionally inflated them for increasing its profitability. The main reason for the collapse of the company was its acquisition strategy which created a debt of about $41 billion (Chuvakhin and Gertmenian, 2003). The company improperly reported its accounting debt in the financial statements through fake entries. However, the company financial condition became doubtful when it failed to secure new source of financing from the banks as it possess less than $300 million cash. The investors, analysts and public were shocked by the bankruptcy of Worldcom as its reported profits in the financial statements were suddenly transformed into losses. The fake accounting poli cies of the company were revealed during its internal audit and the company was heavily charged for the fraud by the Securities and Exchange Commission (Helwege, 2009). In this regard, the case of Lehman Brothers filing for bankruptcy in the year 2008 was largest in history. It has about $639 billion in assets and $ 619 billion in debt and as such its bankruptcy surpassed of Enron and Worldcom. It was regarded as one of the largest U.S. investment bank at the time of its collapse with workforce of about 25,000 employees. The collapse of Lehman Brothers was mainly attributed to the U.S. housing boom in the period of financial years 2003 and 2004 (McDonald and Robinson, 2009). The investment bank used to provide low-interest rates mortgage lending that increased its revenue generation at a faster growth than other businesses in investment banking. The firm recorded revenue of about $146 billion in the year 2006 that is about 10% increase from the previous year 2005. Lehmans stock started to decline with the rise of credit crisis and bursting of housing bubble. The revenue generated was further used to increase the house prices and increase in interest rates for mortgages repayment. The borrowers were unable to repay the loans that caused the bursting of housing bubble causing bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers. The financial statements of Lehman Brother have depicted increasing profits from the year 2005-2007 with suddenly turning bankrupt in the year 2009. Thus, the case also reflected that financial statements are not trustworthy source for investors and analysts to predict the financial position of a firm (McDonald and Robinson, 2009). The occurrence of all these corporate scandals have raised the need of other approaches besides relying on financial statements for estimating the present and future growth financial performance of a firm. As such, the investors and analysts are largely incorporating the use of other innovative approaches for examining the firm bankruptcy. The prominent techniques used for estimating the financial performance of business corporations is data envelopment analysis (DEA) and production function-based economic performance evaluation (PEFP) (Vav?ina et al., 2013). These new approaches for estimating the bankruptcy prediction of firms has not yet been validated for use in financial sector but investors and analysts are increasingly adopting the use f these methods for estimating the possibility of default of firms. Both the methods assess the firms bankruptcy by quantifying its financial distress. The methods assess the relative efficiency of a firm through the help of a mathematical formu la that helps in bankruptcy assessment through the use of financial ratios. A new approach that can be used for analysing bankruptcy of the business entities is Altman Z-score model. The model estimates the possibility of default of the firms through assessing its insolvency, leverage, liquidity and solvency. Zeta model is also used for bankruptcy assessment of firms through quantifying the financial distress trough the use of mathematical models. In addition to this, the economic and institutional factors should also be analysed by the investors and financial analysts in bankruptcy prediction. The economic factors such as interest rates, monetary and fiscal policy and the overall industry performance can provide valuable insights for predicting bankruptcy of a firm (Vav?ina et al., 2013). The accounting fraud is very difficult to be predicted by the financial investors by solely relying on the information obtained from the financial statements as evident from the occurrence of corporate scandals discussed above. As such, the financial statement fraud can significant damage the retirement and educational savings of people. In this context, the implementation of horizontal and vertical analysis can prove to be very useful for the investors and financial analysts for financial statement fraud detection. Vertical analysis involves examining and analysing each and every entry in the income statement as a percentage of total revenue and comparing it with the previous results (Almsafir et al., 2015). The sudden increase in the revenue generated reflects a risk in the business operations of the business entity. Moreover, the investors can select a benchmark from the financial statements such as total assets for monitoring the deviations in it on yearly basis. Similarly, horiz ontal analysis involves identifying the variations in percentages of the base year figures in financial statements signifying the need for future analysis. The technique of logistic regression approach is also proving to be highly useful for identifying the financial distress of corporations. It involves the use of regression analysis for predicting bankruptcy possibility of a firm. Thus, it can be said that use of improper accounting procedures by business firms around the world for developing financial statements is causing the need of these new approaches to examine their present and future financial performance. This is necessary to protect the hard earn money of investors from any potential damage by investing in the business corporations (Almsafir et al., 2015). Conclusion Thus, it can be summarised FROM the above overall discussion that financial statement frauds are on increase in the business corporations around the world as can be seen from the case of Enron, Worldcom and Lehman Brothers. There is high need for incorporation of new approaches such as DEA, regression analysis, horizontal and vertical analysis for estimating the financial performance of a business firm besides relying only on the information provided by financial statements. References Almsafir, M. et al. 2015. Transparency and Reliability in Financial Statement: Do They Exist? Evidence from Malaysia. Open Journal of Accounting 4, pp. 29-43. Chuvakhin, N. V. and Gertmenian, L.W. 2003. How to determine when it is safe to grant credit. Worldcom Ethics Case Study 6(1), pp. 1-6. Helwege, J. 2009. Financial Firm Bankruptcy and Systemic Risk. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/helwege.pdf [Accessed on: 8 October 2016]. Johnson, C. 2003. Enrons Ethical Collapse: Lessons for Leadership Educators. Journal of Leadership Education 2(1), pp. 45-56. Kennedy, K. 2012. An Analysis of Fraud: Causes, Prevention, and Notable Cases. Honors Theses, pp. 1-48. Laitinen, E.K. and Suvas, A. 2013. International Applicability of Corporate Failure Risk Models Based on Financial Statement Information: Comparisons across European Countries. Journal of Finance Economics 1(3), pp. 01-26. McDonald, L. and Robinson, P. 2009. A Colossal Failure of Common Sense: The Incredible Inside Story of the Collapse of Lehman Brothers. Random House. Rezaee, Z. and Riley, R. 2011. Financial Statement Fraud Defined. John Wiley Sons. Vav?ina, J. et al. 2013. New Approaches For The Financial Distress Classification In Agribusiness. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS 4(XI), pp. 1177-1182.

My Favourite Brands free essay sample

My favourite brands are: NOKIA: I am using NOKIA cell phone since last 6 years, still I don’t have any complaint about it, its battery life, reliability, and easy to use features are common in all the phones and its customer related services like once they exchange battery (CLV4) due to some technical reason, on that day itself. SONY: People say that XYZ Company provides better services after sales, but I belief in SONY because if you have SONY gadgets you don’t need services (at all in many case) or very frequently. I have SONY Walkman, Camera, Laptop but I never visited Sony service centre for the same, also â€Å"Made in Japan† tag play an important role to building a brand. DABUR: In many FMCG product categories and Ayurvedic products like Chayawanprash, toothpaste, Honey, Hair oil, I prefer DABUR products because it has quality products with more than 100 years of experiences also since my childhood i am using all these products so I have develop a strong taste for these products. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favourite Brands or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page REYNOLDS: I have been using REYNOLDS pen since my School days, I tried many more pen in between but in examination or any other Test which is important to me I prefer only Reynolds pen (white body blue cover Reynolds 045) that one I am still using. It provides you best quality at cheaper price with belief of Reynolds. HERO HONDA: I learnt bike with Hero Honda CD 100 SS which we have in our house 10 years ago. In those days they promoted Hero Honda as â€Å"Desh ki Dhadkan† that influenced me at that time. Hero Honda also have many products depends on the needs of the customers, Splendra is the most sold model of Hero Honda which I have now-a-days that gives you strength that it is most trusted bike in the market.

The Ostler, The Old Nurses Story and The Red Room Essay Example For Students

The Ostler, The Old Nurses Story and The Red Room Essay I have chosen the following three stories The Ostler written by Wilkie Collins, The Old Nurses Story written by Elizabeth Gaskell and The Red Room written by H. G. Wells. All these stories are taken from the 19th century collection of mystery stories. In this, I will be discussing how the author holds the audiences attention by using different types of techniques. I chose these three stories because they took my interest and I enjoyed them the most. They all share the same malicious mood. The Ostler begins when a girl comes across the Ostler having a nightmare. The girl goes off and tells another person, about her experience and is told that the Ostler normally suffers from these dreams. During the nightmare, a woman comes into his room and tries to kill him with a knife. When the Ostler goes home, he tells his mother of his experience. Seven years later, the Ostler meets a woman and they soon become engaged. The Ostlers mother keeps telling him to leave her as she is of the same description as in his dream. The mother later on sees the women with a knife and tries to tell the Ostler, but he doesnt believe her. In the end, the Ostlers dream almost becomes true, the women tries to kill him with a knife, but he manages to escape and the woman was never seen again. The Red Room begins when a man is determined to go to the Red Room that the old people had told him not to because of the deaths and how they feared it. The young man, despite the warnings, went into the room. He has to keep lighting the candles in the room because they keep going out constantly. In the end he manages to knock himself unconscious. We will write a custom essay on The Ostler, The Old Nurses Story and The Red Room specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When he awakes the next day, he is told that it is his own fears that have knocked him out. The Old Nurses Story begins with a nurse telling a group of children how one of the characters she nursed (Miss Rosamond) was an only child and orphan as her parents had died at an early age and she had taken care of her. Miss Rosamond and the nurse later have to move away, to live with Lord Furnivals granddaughter. One night, when the nurse was almost asleep, she heard noises of someone playing the organ, and asked the next day who it was. She was told it as the ghost of Lord Furnival. It was also said that the ghost haunted the house. This scared the nurse. Through out the story, many strange things take place, one of these being the disappearance of Miss Rosamont. The nurse went out to find her, but gets brought home by a man, who also finds Miss Rosamont. Miss Rosamont had been taken away from the house by Lady Furnivals niece, who was a ghost and led her to another woman who was Lady Furnivals sister. They had tried to kill her because they were jealous that Miss Rosamont would take their place in the household, because Lord Funival had forced them out the house. At the beginning of The Ostler, there is the young girl narrating the story. The tension builds as the Ostler is having the nightmare, but it changes back as the book progresses and the story behind the nightmare is explained. When he meets the women he becomes engaged so there is very little tension, but it soon builds as the woman tries to kill him. His eyes opened towards the left hand side of the bed, and there stood The women of the dream, again? No! His wife; the living reality, with the dream spectres face in the dream spectres attitude; the fair arm up the knife clasped in the delicate, white hand. This is a good example of how the tension builds up. .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .postImageUrl , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:hover , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:visited , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:active { border:0!important; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:active , .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u89845813c868ace79cdfea117b123a3b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bernly Normal's Normality in Limbo EssayThis quote shows when the women tries to kill the Ostler. Wilkie Collins keeps the readers attention with the tension change and making the atmosphere feel uneasy. The Red Room starts off with the quote It will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me. There is a lot of irony in this because at the end of the play, he manages to scare himself, rather than it being the ghosts. The author uses words like dark and gloomy to describe the surrounding, settings and mysterious characters. The name of the story makes you think of danger referring to the colour red. H G Wells keeps the readers attention by starting it off with uneasy setting s. The tension is constantly high during this story because of the wording of the room, but during the end of the story, the tension begins to build even more when the young man enters the room, and has to keep re-lighting the candles. I turned to where the flames were still dancing between the glowing coals, and splashing red reflections upon the furniture. This is a good example of personification. They way the author describes the fire is very realistic. This made me want to read further. The Old Nurses Story begins with no tension and is very calm with the nurse telling the children the story. The tension slowly begins to increase towards the end when the main characters see the murder of the niece and sister ghosts. The settings are all described very spookily and it creates spooky moods during the story. Elizabeth Gaskell holds the audiences attention with the language she uses. All at once the east door gave way with a thundering crash, as if torn open in a violent passion, and there came into that broad and mysterious light, the figure of a tall old man, with grey hair and gleaming eyes. The use of words in this way, I found was very emotional, and it made me want to keep reading. It kept taking you deeper and deeper, until you had reached the end. All the characters in the play are described very differently. The author used all of the main characters to make the story more interesting. In The Ostler, Issac is described as a withered woebegone face. The eyebrows painfully contracted; the mouth fast set, and drawn down in the corners; the hollow cheeks sadly, and, as I cannot help fancying, prematurely grizzled hair. The character seems very bothered, sad and lonely. When he meets the women, he suddenly becomes happy and acts very loyal when his mother tells him to leave her. He wants to devote his life to her. In The Red Room the characters are all left nameless. This gives a feeling of there being no identity in the play and all very ghost-like. The young man is obviously very confident and does not show his fears of the room, even after all the warnings he still wants to enter. It will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me. This quote shows that he was a very brave man. The author describes the elderly characters as being very wise. The old women sat staring hard into the fire. This shows the old lady was sitting deep in thought and she sounds very knowledgeable. In The Old Nurses Story the nurse is very cautious protective and caring of Miss Rosamond. I held her tight with all my strength; with a set will I held her. She obviously feels she must look after Miss Rosamont. Miss Rosamont on the other hand, is very curious especially of the little girl ghost, yet at the same time scared. The Spectre of Lord Furnival is a powerful character, which at some point obviously dominated the household. He is described as a fierce, dour, old man. All three stories refer to spectres or ghosts, bringing in a very mysterious mood to the stories. .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .postImageUrl , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:hover , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:visited , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:active { border:0!important; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:active , .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5 .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub6a7c6802de31ed09f462a4e60cae4e5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Influences of Traits   EssayBut, all the plays have big differences in the way the tension is held and built up by the authors. All three stories keep the readers attention, mostly by the use of language, but all the techniques of language are very different. I enjoyed The Ostler the most because it was an easy story to understand. I also enjoyed the language the author used to describe the settings. I liked the way the tension was used to keep me reading the story, and how the end result of the nightmare became true, with the woman trying to kill the husband finishing it off.

Ten top spelling tips - Emphasis

Ten top spelling tips Ten top spelling tips English can be a confusing language. Swapping one word for another that sounds exactly the same (a homophone) can alter the meaning completely. Picking the right one gives your business writing credibility. Here are some commonly confused words clarified, to help you make the right choice every time. 1. Practice and Practise Practice with a c is the noun so it can mean a rehearsal, a run-through or an office belonging to certain professionals. For example, a doctors practice, a lawyers practice or the dreaded dentists practice. Practise with an s is the verb (in UK English) and means to do or to carry out. So you could say, Tracey practised singing Madonnas Like a Virgin on several occasions. But it didnt help her get into the Pop Idol final or, Plan B, the convent. Note that US English uses practice for both noun and verb. 2. Desert and Dessert A desert is a wasteland or a wilderness that quite often features sand and a few camels. A dessert is a big fat pudding! Think ss for sugary sweet. 3. Your and Youre Use your when talking about your pen, your file, your desk. Use youre when you mean you are. For example, Youre going to work today. Because your boss will give you the heave-ho if you take another sick day. 4. There, Theyre and Their Arranging a night out at a swanky bar with your friends? You can say, Great, Ill see you there! Theyre sure to wear their finest cocktail attire. 5. Affect and Effect A person can be affected by an incident whereas an effect is the result of an incident. For example, Jim was deeply affected by his wife running off with the Australian travel rep. The effects of this were: he had a funny turn whenever Skippy the Bush Kangaroo was on TV, and he decided to holiday in Skegness, not Sydney, in future. 6. Horde and Hoard Horde can be used to describe a crowd. For example, hordes of people attended the rugby match. Whereas a hoard is a stash of treasure. 7. Stationary and Stationery Confused about when to use stationery or stationary? When you are writing about paper products or similar, think e for exercise book and use stationery. Or you could think of a stationary car, which rhymes with ar. 8. Canvass and Canvas A slimy politician will canvass votes. But canvas is a type of material favoured by artists – or boy scouts pitching their tents. 9. Bare and Bear When the sun comes out, Britons strip off and bare all in their swimming costumes! But can you bear the sight of all that exposed flesh? 10. Compliment and Complement To compliment someone is to make an encouraging remark. Complementing them, however, may be more welcome, as it means to support or help.

Juvenile Probation Programs, Institutions, and Aftercare Programs Assignment

Juvenile Probation Programs, Institutions, and Aftercare Programs - Assignment Example Over the past few years, numerous juvenile programs have been implemented in many parts of the country with the major aim of coming up with programs that reduce recidivism, impart useful crime-avoidance knowledge and ensure that youthful offenders make a turn for the better after their initial interaction with the system. Introduction This paper looks at a couple of these juvenile programs in depth. Specifically aimed at providing teen offenders with an opportunity to not only change their lives after the completion of their initial custodial or other sentence but also equips them with the ability to ensure that they do not again end up in correctional facilities as adults. These programs have been set up in different ways depending on the types and frequency of crimes that the youths in the particular location are prone to but have applicability in wider settings and can be adapted for use in other areas with minimal changes to ensure successful implementation. The suitability of th ese programs in new locations and whether or not they are going to fail or succeed depends a great deal in utilizing the lessons learned in the initial implementations and using these to adequately tailor responses that more immediately suit local requirements. 1. The first program is the Community Restitution and Apprenticeship Focused Training (Project CRAFT). Since 1994, Project CRAFT has served more than 2,000 high-risk youth at 15 sites in ten states (Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas). Project CRAFT currently operates at nine sites in four states, including Florida, Tennessee, New Jersey, and Mississippi. The program is designed to offer treatment, prerelease and aftercare services for juvenile offenders between the ages of 16 and 21. The project can be implemented as either a residential Juvenile correctional program or as a community based one for post-correctional facility aftercare or for youth un der daycare treatment supervision. CRAFT involves ten different components including outreach and recruitment which orients program partners – parents, participants and offender advocates as well as community meetings. Assessment and screening also include prospective employers of youth who then pursue the youth progress through training programs and trade-related academics. Youth that require substance abuse treatment are also enrolled in these programs as required. Finally the program has a community transition and follow-up component which includes job placement, job development as well as other aftercare services (NCWD/Youth, 2013). The other program is the Tampa, Florida headquartered AMIkids program which operates 50 sites across several states – Florida, New Mexico, Texas, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Georgia and Louisiana. This day attendance and residential program comprises academics, treatment, experiential education and behavior modification. T he AMIKids program has eight components: education grade improvements challenge and team building experiences, cognitive-behavioral therapy, a strong strength-based case management, positive behavior modification, home and family partnership, individual and group problem-solving and social skills development, and community service. The AMIKids program approach is based on evidence-based theoretical perspectives and treatment interventions found in empirical

Marketing Proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing Proposal - Assignment Example A good formal marketing plan will ensure the business moves forwards and makes profits since it understands the dynamics of the market (Hartline & Ferrell, 2010). The organization has been facing stiff competition in the market which has since been dominated by other players. Some of the company’s competitors include Queensland Wow Sight & Sound, Dick Smith Electronic, Woolworths Limited, David Jones Limited and Myer Holding Limited among others (Hanneley, 2010). Besides this, the macro environment, which may affect the organizational performance relates to economic conditions masking many companies to close their offices as well as many people not able to afford services and products of the company. Political unrest in some nations, cultural taste as well as government regulations may affect the sustainability of the company’s products in other markets. The company main competitive advantage is because of its online stores where clients can order from anywhere within their reach. This makes it possible for the company to contact their clients from wherever place they are hence giving them advantage over other companies. It also has a number of stores which are distributed all lover contributing to increased advantage in the local market. Additionally, it offers one stop shop where clients can get a wide range of products for their office as well as home use. The companies target market includes the real estate developers as the company has an interest in lighting system and electrical. The company targets office as it supplies office furniture, computers and other communication equipments. It targets home owners in the supply of small appliances, furniture, bedding, carpet among other things. In general, the company targets everyone who has room as it has the products and services needed in changing the look of the room by equipping and installing new features. The products to be introduced in the market will meet the customer’s expectation because the

Investment Account Essay Example for Free

Investment Account Essay What is the meaning of Al-Awfar? Al-Awfar means â€Å"prosperous investment†. 3. What is the difference between Al-Awfar Savings Account and Investment Account-i and the normal Bank Islam Savings Account-i and General Investment Account-i (GIA)? Al-Awfar Savings and Investment Account-i is a rewarding account that offers a host of additional features, which include expected Mudharabah returns on savings and investments (if any). This is in addition to the opportunity to receive cash prizes from the bank through a quarterly prize draw. 4. Is Al-Awfar Saving and Investment Account-i a form of gambling? NO. Al-Awfar Savings and Investment Account-i is free from any elements of gambling. 5. Is Al-Awfar Savings and Investment Account-i Shariah-compliant? YES. The Shariah Supervisory Council of Bank Islam approved this product in its 102nd meeting dated 7th April 2008 (30 Rabiulawal 1429H). 6. Are prize draws allowed according to the Shariah Law? YES. Prize draws are permitted if there is no elements of riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty) and maysir (gambling). 7. What is the basis on the permissibility of draw in Islam? 1. Al-Quran, in Surah Ali ‘Imran verse 44 This is a part of the news of the Ghaib (unseen, i. e. the news of the past nations of which you have no knowledge) which We inspire you with (O Muhammad ). You were not with them, when they cast lots with their pens as to which of them should be charged with the care of Maryam (Mary); nor were you with them when they disputed. . Is the draw performed in a manner that is transparent to the public? YES. There is an external independent draw committee who will observe the draw process. 9. What is the difference between Al-Awfar Savings and Investment Account-I and other competitors’ product? Al-Awfar Saving and Investment Account-i is the first product of its kind introduced by an Islamic bank, which meets all Shariah requirements. 10. Where does Bank Islam invest the funds deposited by customers? Bank Islam invests the fund in Shariah-compliant investments pproved by the bank’s Shariah Supervisory Council. 11. Can the cash prizes received be used for Ibadah purposes, e. g. performing the Hajj and Umrah or given away as Zakat and Sadaqah? YES. The cash prizes come from a Halal source. Upon receiving the cash prize, the customer is free to use it for any purpose 12. Are the cash prizes taken from the profit earned through Al-Awfar Savings and Investment Account-i? NO. The cash prizes are provided by the Bank and are not specifically derived from profits of Al-Awfar Savin gs and Investment Account-i.

The Politics Of The Reproducibility Cultural Studies Essay

The Politics Of The Reproducibility Cultural Studies Essay Reproducibility is the ability of something to be accurately reproduced or replicated by another individual working independently. It relates to the agreement of the results with different operators using different tools at a different location. The results are always reported as a standard deviation from the original plan. In Benjamin works of art, reproducibility is a process that occurs slowly and may take a long time. Benjamin discusses the reproducibility in the works of art and the entire world of photography and film. It is all about the modern age and its effects on the work of arts. How art has been changed by the perception of the humans through time. Reproducibility changes the original piece of art through the change of the originality or aura of the artistic image, the real message put across and the cult value of the original art. The reproduction of pieces of art causes a total change in the perception of the art and can send a total different meaning to the observer. Reproducibility is an inevitable process that takes place over time and it serves to bring a lot of change in the meaning of art. It overshadows the concepts of originality and creativity of art. It can therefore be said that reproducibility is one big enemy to the world of art and the divine talent requirement to be artistic. A look at the photography of today, there is so much reproducibility of photographs of various places and features that the real image or the original item cannot be defined. It is not easy to tell anymore if the items in photographs are really as represented. Photography can be said to leave out a lot of details of the original thing. For example details such as the distance, vegetation and the color are completely distorted. With the advances in technology photographs can be used to represent an image of a certain thing just like in a painting. This also leaves out a lot the originality of the image displayed. For example the photographs of the mountain like the Alps remove the concept of space and time. According to (Blunden ii), even the most perfect pieces of art that are reproduced are lacking in the element of space and time. The technology of the modern times in photography renders the work of art impure. While some pictures will want to portray the mountains to have peaks that are slightly steep and have very green vegetation others show complete different imagery of steep peeks and no vegetation. This technology of photography renders the works of art impure and changes the original forms of the art. Photography can be said to make the work of art loose the aura or the authenticity through the mechanical production. While the photograph of the mountain will be representing an image of another image, a painting will be the original mountain. Paintings would capture the concentration and contemplation of the viewer unlike photography. The paintings would be fascinating and inviting to the observer. The cult value that would have been in a painting is replaced by the exhibition value in photography. The cult value does not disappear suddenly but in a shadowy manner. The cult value is still represented in photography but in a far distant manner because just like the portraits, photography is also meant as storage of memories. Photography as a replacement of painting brings out a distant political significance through the creation of memories. The images of photography also bring out a very different side of the original. The photographs are meant to capture what the original person and the photographer want to portray to the viewer; therefore the original thing is not what the viewer sees but the viewer is subjected to a totally different concept. Photography has led to the shift between the original, authentic value of what the viewer is subjected to, to a more modern way of view. The paintings displayed the original view of the items with the same color, creativity and authenticity were also very much a part of the paintings, but with photography most of these aspects are lost in the modernity part. Photography values the exhibition value more than the cult value. The photographs do not evoke the free contemplation that a painting will. They both portray the past events but paintings have the free flowing contemplation and concentration in the viewer compared to a photograph that will carry less of such value. Photography is a reproduction of the paintings and therefore fails to achieve the original basis of paintings. The photographs shape the original political meaning of paintings through randomness storage. Unlike the historical times when the paintings were done according to specific occasions or factors, photography is done at any particular time with little consideration to reasons. Photography also presents a distraction with mixed ideas and presents the perception of avoidance of difficult tasks. The works of art will generally capture the most difficult of tasks and will aim at the presentation of the most important factors of an item. Art is able to bring the masses together; it acts to mobilize the people through getting their attention to a particular thing. Photography on the other hand falls below these perceptions and always takes the easiest way of artistic representation. The photographs tend to present a distraction instead of a pull and these shows that the master of the art is just but a habit than really the creativity and talent in it. The public is therefore made as an observer but only absent mindedly without the proper concentration that the works of art expects. The idea is to capture and satisfy the human interest which could simply be the removal of the special function from the field of view. The images of photography therefore leave out a lot of the important details of art meaning the concept of reproducibility leads to the distortion of the original concept. The mechanical change noted in the photography means that the reproduction of the works of art leads to the change in the method of exhibition. Photographs simply change the reaction of the public to works of art and change the perception of the works of art. It gives the masses an option of critics. The historical work of arts like the paintings and the portraits were easily accepted by the masses but the photography technology of the modern day has been faced with a lot of critics. For example in Blunden essay, he says that the 19th century disputes to whether photography is a work of art, (part 7). This shows that there is doubt in people at the authentic value of photography in comparison with art. Photography fails to create the subtle effect in the viewers that a simple portrait would. On the other hand, this mechanical production of the works of art is bound to change the public reaction to the particular piece of art, (part 12). It can therefore be concluded that the effects of reproduction are adverse to the work of arts. It is quite unfortunate that reproducibility is inevitable especially with the new technologies that come daily with the modern world. The technology is bound to change the works of art and bring a different representation of art. The political significance shifts with every new introduction to the original piece of art. The works of art space and time concept are totally changed in the same manner. s

India Is My Country Essay

India is my country, my motherland. I love it and I am proud of it. India is a big country. In population it is second only to China. India has a rich and glorious past. Once it was the seat of learning. Students from all over the world used to come here to study. Indian culture spread abroad. Indian goods had a ready market in foreign countries. It was a time when India was a land of plenty. Times changed. India fell on evil days. Wave after wave of invaders came and plundered India. India became a slave country. ‘The foreign rulers exploited her as much as they could. India became independent in 1947. The foreign rulers went away. Under the able leadership of Pt. Nehru the country marched towards progress. New industries were set up. Trade increased. There were difficulties in the beginning. Kashmir was overrun by the tribals. There were communal riots Millions of people were uprooted from their homes. India is the largest democracy of the world. We Indians enjoy freedom of speech, worship and press. All citizens have equal rights. India is rich in natural resources, yet her inhabitants are poor. The mineral wealth of the country is unexplored. Under the Union Government, new industries are being set up. Already Indian goods are being exported to other countries. New methods of agriculture are being used to increase food production. She has already become self-sufficient in food. In the field of science and literature, India has produced eminent people like Rabindra Nath Tagore, Sir C.V.Raman, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose and Shri H.N.Bhabha. India is a peace loving country but she has to spend a huge amount on defence because there is danger from her neighbours, namely Pakistan and China. The present Government under the new Prime Minister is trying to befriend them. India is a land of villages with many languages but there is unity in diversity. Ours is a secular state and all religions flourish side by side. My country abounds in glorious historical buildings and scenes. There is not a tourist who does not visit the Taj Mahal — the symbol of eternal love or Kashmir, the heaven on earth. My country is a land of temples, mosques and churches, great rivers and vast fertile plains of the Ganges and the highest mountain of the world. It is the land where civilization first blossomed in the world. Our fields are fed with perennial waters of the rivers.India is my first love and I would readily lay down my life for it if need be.

Foundations of Mythology Essay

Myths have been a great part of history, from the very moment humans roamed the green marble we call Earth. Therefore, mythology has become just as relevant in attempting to answer life’s greatest questions as any scientific method. Myths have shaped our world from the very beginning to the world we live in today. We will explore the common meaning of myth versus the academic meaning of myth, what are some of the common mythological themes, and the relationship between belief, knowledge, mythology, and religion. Myth is a word commonly used to describe â€Å"a widely held but false belief or idea,† (Google, 2014). As an example, when someone says ‘that’s a myth,’ they are commonly referring to something being false, untrue, or nonfactual. It is in this context that the majority of the population would use and have used the word myth. In an academic context, a myth is an ancient narrative that attempts â€Å"to answer the enduring and fundamental human questions,† (Leonard & McClure, 2004, pg. 1). I would define a myth as a statement or  event that is believed in without factual basis. Just because the facts elude us, does not make something untrue or false, merely unproven. If something remains unproven, it should not be considered or perceived as false. After all, if it is not proven to be false, it does not make it true and vice versa. The most common mythological themes are of creation, the birth of order, and secretion themes. Many diverse culture around the globe address such similar and universal themes because they are all attempting to answer the most profound questions. Questions that deal with our existence, the existence of all around us, as well as what occurs upon the death of our bodies. These themes tend to cover the creation of all that exists, the order and mechanics of everything, and why things are the way they are. One commonly overlooked creation myth is that of the big bang theory. There is no factual data that indicates that the big bang occurred ‘millions of years ago,’ or that it occurred at all, let alone that it will repeat the cycle of condensing all material into a sphere (the size of a period on this page, up to marble sized which is the source of another debate). Truth is that there is more data that points to a young earth, solar system, and universe than there is for ‘millions of years’ (Creation Today, 2010). There exists an intertwining relationship between belief, knowledge, mythology, and religion whether or not we acknowledge it. Many religions are based on mythology and those in practice of such religions must believe in the knowledge attained from and passed on by centuries of practitioners prior to them. For example, a Buddhist believes he or she will reincarnate to a higher or lower social class depending on their behavior during their current life. This cycle is repeated until enlightenment is attained. This is based on the mythology of Buddha that has become a religion, which millions of people around the globe believe to be truth based on the writings of Buddha himself and the knowledge of all those who came after him. It is this intersection of belief, knowledge, mythology, and religion that has helped countless of people cope with fear of death, or fears in general, with poverty, injustice, suffering, and the unknown. Mythology is still relevant in today’s contemporary culture. Although, the word mythology is not commonly used synonymous with religious beliefs, mythology has shaped the modern social cultures. The majority of people have a religious point of view, whether they believe in a god, many gods, or none at all. It is these belief systems that help them to deal with the unknown, hardships in life, and death. Science has been making leaps and bounds in recent years. Nevertheless, modern science cannot pretend to know half of everything, but given that it did know half of everything, is it not possible to have a creator that dwelled in the half we do not know? I dare to comment that it is quite possible, even more so, that it is inevitable. References Creation Today. (2010, May 12). The age of the earth. Retrieved from http://creationtoday.org/seminar-part-1-the-age-of-the-earth/ Google. (2014). Google search. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=myth&safe=off Leonard, S., & McClure, M. (2004). _Myth & knowing: An introduction to world mythology_. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Definition Of A Good Education Essays - Critical Pedagogy

Definition Of A Good Education Essays - Critical Pedagogy Definition Of A Good Education Definition Of A Good Education Education is defined as acquiring skills. There are many different ways to be educated and many subjects that can be studied. A good education is one that teaches a student to think. This is proven by Edith Hamilton, Malcolm X, and Adrian Rich in their works to define what they believe about learning and its importance to our world. In Edith Hamilton's essay, The Ever-present Past, she described a good education as one that is modeled after the ancient Greek's ideas. She defines being educated as being able to be caught up into a world of thought (752). The Greeks were taught to think. They were cultivated on an individual level so that they knew how to conceive ideas on their own. During the times of the ancient Greeks students were shown how to appreciate poetry, music, arts, and mathematics. They carried their education of thought into their government and their ways of life. The era of the ancient Greeks was laid by the teachings of their schools and therefore helped make them into a notable civilization. Today, Hamilton believes that with our set way of teaching we are not encouraging individuals to think. She concludes that we are headed towards a standardization of minds (756). Hamilton believes that we need to challenge our society to shape our educational goals after those of the Greeks. With the proble ms our world faces we should study how the Greeks triumphed in a savage world and how they were educated to do so. Then maybe we can learn how to prevent the standardization of the minds in our society and avoid repeating the ill-fated history of the ancient Greeks (754). In Malcolm X's, Freedom Through Learning To Read, a chapter of his autobiography, he describes a good education as being able to understand life. He wrote of how he desired to acquire more knowledge. This inner struggle began when he envied his friend's intelligence and when he was unable to express himself eloquently in letters. From that point he began to read everything. Malcolm X started by copying a dictionary to learn all the words he could. From there he never spent fifteen minutes free time without a book (48). As he studied the works of Mr. Elijah Muhammad he realized how the history of the black Americans were not included in most books. He searched to find a book to learn the history of the African-Americans and finally found a few that taught him about slavery (49). Malcolm X said that through his domestic education a new world had been opened up to him. He achieved his goal of learning to read and through that obtain what is considered by many a good education. He was ab le to read, understand, and form ideas and opinions based on what he had read (53). Through reading Malcolm X was capable of expressing his own views and our society benefited greatly from this self-educated man. In Adrienne Rich's, Claiming An Education, a speech given at Douglass College, she describes a good or serious education as the study of languages, ideas, methods, and values (58). Part of being educated is refusing to let others do your thinking, naming, or talking for you(59). Some of the most important things needed to fulfill intellectual independence are to learn the ways of rationalizing, deep discussions, and writing. Rich writes about how it is our own responsibility to claim an education and how we should not sell ourselves short (59). In order to learn we first need to assess what we hear and read in our courses to form an opinion (57). In order to form an opinion, Rich says that we have to first commit ourselves to our studies and expect others to show us respect. Rich describes an education as a commitment and a responsibility (59). Throughout these essays the main ideas were that to be educated a student has to be an individual and be able to think. There are many arguments over what we should study and how we should be taught. There is no wrong or right way to teach or certain subjects that need to be

Special Feeding Adaptations of the Seahorse

Special Feeding Adaptations of the Seahorse The seahorse is one of 54 different species of fish in the marine genus Hippocampus- a word that comes from the Greek word for horse. Only a small handful of species are commonly seen in tropical and temperate waters of both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. They range in size from tiny, 1/2-inch fish to nearly 14 inches in length. Seahorses are one of the only fish that swim in an upright position  and are the slowest-swimming of all fishes. Seahorses are generally considered to be an evolved form of pipefish.   How Sea Horses Eat Because they swim so slowly, eating can be a challenge for the seahorse. Further complicating things is the fact that a seahorse has no stomach. It needs to eat almost constantly because food quickly passes straight through its digestive system. According to  The Seahorse Trust, an adult seahorse will eat 30 to 50 times per day, while baby  seahorses  eat 3,000 pieces of food per day. Seahorses do not have teeth; they suck in their food and swallow it whole. Thus their prey needs to be very small. Primarily, seahorses feed on plankton, small fish and small crustaceans, such as shrimp and copepods. To compensate for its lack of swimming speed, a seahorses neck is well adapted for catching prey, reports Scientific American. Seahorses ambush their prey by hovering silently nearby, attached to plants or corals and often camouflaged to blend in with their surroundings. Suddenly, the seahorse will tilt its head and slurp in its prey. This movement results in a distinctive sound. Unlike their relatives, the pipefish, seahorses can extend their heads forward, a process that is aided by their curving neck. Although they cant swim as well as pipefish, The seahorse has the ability to stealthily reach out and strike their prey. This means that they can wait for prey to pass by their perch, rather than actively pursuing them- a task that is difficult given their very slow speed. The hunt for prey is also aided by the seahorses eyes, which have evolved to move independently, allowing them an easier search for prey.   Seahorses as Aquarium Specimens What about captive seahorses? Seahorses are popular in the aquarium trade, and there is currently a movement to raise seahorses in captivity to protect the wild population. With coral reefs in danger, the native habitat of the seahorse is also challenged, leading to ethical concerns about harvesting them from the wild for the aquarium trade. Further, captive-bred seahorses seem to thrive better in aquariums than do capture  wild seahorses.   However, efforts to breed seahorses in captivity is somewhat complicated by the fact that young seahorses prefer live food that must be very small, given the tiny size of the young seahorses. While they are often fed frozen crustaceans, captive seahorses do better when feeding on live food. An article in the journal Aquaculture, suggests that live wild- or captive-raised copepods (tiny crustaceans)  and rotifers are a good food source that allows young seahorses to thrive in captivity.   References and Further Information: Bai, N. 2011. How the Seahorse Got Its Curves. Scientific American. Accessed August 29, 2013. Birch Aquarium. Secrets of the Seahorse. Accessed August 29, 2013. Project Seahorse. Why Seahorse? Essential Facts About Seahorses. Accessed August 29, 2013. Scales, H. 2009. Poseidons Steed: The Story of Seahorses, From Myth to Reality. Gotham Books. Souza-Santos, L.P. 2013. Prey Selection of Juvenile Seahorses. Aquaculture: 404-405:35-40. Accessed August 29, 2013.

Contemporary Issues in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Contemporary Issues in Management - Essay Example This in turn has created issues and challenges for the companies operating in different industries and in different regions (Chiaroni, Chiesa, and Frattni, 2011). Most companies tend to invest loads of money in research and development. They invest huge amount of money in research and development regardless if they are getting results in days, months or in years. These companies know that if by doing research they can bring innovation which will eventually lead them towards the glorification of brand name and business. However, in order to manage innovation in effective and efficient manner it is important for the organisations to make sure that the innovation is supported by the other organisational elements as well (Chiaroni, Chiesa, and Frattni, 2011). In this report working of Zara and Hennes and Mauritz fashion retailers will be put under consideration with lime light on structural factors these companies has including how much they spend on research and development, what kind o f organizational structure they have, concept of decision making, empowerment and strategies alliances with regard of innovation. Furthermore the effective use of corporate culture in order to get innovation for instance by giving flexible timings to worker, the concept of knowledge sharing, project initiation or by project organization giving different teams different projects will also be a part of this report. Finally policies of human resource will be discussed and its aptitude how these companies deals with human resource policies in order to encourage innovation. How they resolve staffing issues by hiring new or by retaining the current best staff in order to get productivity and innovation. Innovation Management: Innovation management is the process of managing the innovation by coming up with different related strategies and techniques. Different organisations are coming up with rapid innovations and new products and business methods in order to remain competitive in the ind ustry. The innovations are not only in the form of providing the customers with new products or services but also revolve around the improvement of different business processes and operations. In order to make sure that the innovation is implemented and managed in effective and efficient manner it is important to come up with appropriate innovation management strategies. It is also important to keep in mind that innovation management is an ongoing process and the organisation should carefully monitor, design, and execute different strategies. In order to make sure that innovation is a success it is important to adapt the other organisational elements accordingly (Rowley, Baregheh, and Sambrook, 2011). For instance, the company should have supportive corporate culture, organisational structure, and human resource management policy. The three elements or factors which should be given special attention in this regard are as follow: 1. Structural Factors: the structural factors include the structure of the research and development department, the structure of the organisation, different systems for encouraging innovation, and other related factors. 2. Corporate Culture: the corporate culture is used to come up with a supportive atmosphere for creative and innovative ideas

Evaluate the importance of international trade and Foreign Direct Essay

Evaluate the importance of international trade and Foreign Direct Investment to lift the global economy out of the downturn - Essay Example Moreover, the global nature of the economic crisis has not only had a domino impact on national economies, infrastructure and the retail sector; it has also served as a barrier to quick recovery (United Nations, 2). From a UK perspective, the current financial crisis has reiterated the importance of international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) to the UK economy particularly in the current global economic downturn. Indeed, the fact that the UK is currently struggling in its recovery process is further testament to the UK reliance on FDI and international trade (Almond & Ferner: 58) The focus of this paper is to critically evaluate the importance of international trade and foreign direct investment to the lift the global economy out of the current downturn with specific reference to the UK. It is submitted at the outset that international trade and inward investment from FDI is a fundamental cornerstone of the UK economy as it is imperative to the sustainability of the economic strengths of the UK to compete in an increasingly competitive economy as a result of globalisation (Almond & Ferner 58). This argument is further supported if we consider the rationale for the current financial crisis. It is submitted that the immediate trigger was the collapse of the US housing market as a result of the sub prime market disaster upon which the international banking industry had been lending through following trends in the housing market (Ambachtshee et al: 149). Indeed, the United Nations analysis of the global outlook for 2009 asserts that â€Å"in little over a year, the mid-2007 sub-prime mortgage debacle in the United States of America has developed into a global financial crisis and started to move the global economy into a recession† (United Nations 1). Moreover, prior to the sub-prime catastrophe, the significant foreign direct investment in the US and liquidity of the US economy had

Project Management individual project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Project Management individual project - Essay Example ...........................Page 14 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..........................................................Page 15 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........................................................Page 17 Introduction The objective of this Report is to explain how industry-standard Project Management tools will be used to ensure that a conversion of the Company’s network of Personal Computers will have their operating systems upgraded from Windows XP (presumably the Enterprise Edition) to Windows 7 (also presumably the Enterprise edition). The main work products from this exercise will be to enable:- a) Planning and monitoring the upgrade. b) Ensuring minimum inconvenience to the staff and clients of the Company. c) Dealing with any issues or problems that arise. d) Acquire any relevant knowledge that will be useful for future w ork. This will include, for example, the project duration, the project cost, the problem areas, and the successful areas. This information will be particular relevance when planning future upgrade project, such as form Windows 7 to Windows 8, for example. Much of the material cited below, where it has not been specifically referenced has come from the consensus of practical industry project management experience, for which specific sources cannot be cited, if many cases some years after the event. However, one work that has been most useful is Meredith & Mantel [Project Management : A Managerial Approach, Jack R. Meredith & Samuel J. Mantel Jr., Third Edition , John Wiley & Sons, 1995, ISBN 0-471-01626-8]. This has been extensively quoted from, and the specific references are given where appropriate. Prescribed Project Management Tools a) Gantt Chart These charts, although they have been in use for many years (since 1917!), are still a key tool in managing a project. They are intend ed, in an easy-to-read form, to show both planned and actual progress towards the goals of the project, This is done through a vertical list of tasks that have to be done in order to complete the project, with the horizontal axis showing the expected timescale of the project. Gantt charts are at their most useful when they permit the expedition, sequencing and allocation of resources amongst the component tasks of the project, in addition to showing current progress (or, most commonly, the lack thereof!) of the project. The Gantt chart notation also includes the relevant symbols for designating those aspects of the project that are of most concern for the situation that is being charted. An example form the case under consideration would be the allocation of Windows-trained staff and when they will need to complete the upgrade to each of the Company’s offices. The main advantages to using Gantt charts are that, firstly, although they may contain a large amount of information, they are easy to understand. Secondly, while such charts require frequently require updating (a fairly simple process these days with tools such as Microsoft project and others like it) the maintenance process is relatively easy, providing that the tasks to be performed stay the same(!). This is a classic example of changing requirements wrecking a project(!!). The way to get around this problem in the example under consideration, will be as with all IT-related projects, to adopt a ‘bite and hold’ approach, implementing the upgrade in a series of relatively small

Leadership Essay Example for Free

Leadership Essay Vice Principal Mr. Leonard Curry entered the main staffing office of the Academy and ordered a young teacher to get out into her class. Her quiet gentle response was, ‘I do not have a class now, sir.† â€Å"What!’ was his rebuttal insisting that the schedule had been changed and it was her period to be teaching a 10th grader’s Biology class. She replied by asking if it were ethical for her to be informed in such a manner pointing out that   a memo is the acceptable mode of transmitting such changes. This was followed by a gentle explanation she wanted to perform her duties without conflict. Further he said that it was her responsibility to check out changes on the teacher’s assignment notice board from time to time. She reiterated that that was an unconstitutional approach since it was not stated like that in the bylaws of the school. They continued to argue with the principal threatening her with suspension for insubordination had she not complied. A disciplinary report was eventually filed for insubordination and disobeying the rule of law. Impact on credibility—Principal-Mr.Cury displayed a tendency towards an autocratic leadership style. Once how to address the issue was lawful inscribed in the bylaws stipulating a particular way to inform about staffing changes it had to be adhered to. It would appear that the young teacher reminding him of it antagonized the situation. This is a challenge to his credibility. Communication-It is clear that there was a change of command in terms of communication. The principal seemed to have erred. His reaction is to blame the young teacher for his mistake by imposing a penalty on her for his mistake. This is often a management strategic adopted in a autocratic culture. Power of influence—in this situation the power of influence lay in the position or status of principal. The principal used it to make himself look respectable while casting blame onto unsuspecting immature teacher.

The Rape of Africa in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkness essays

The Rape of Africa in Heart of Darkness At the threshold of the twentieth century, when exploitation of colonies was still widely spread and the problem of abuse of natural resources and native inhabitants was largely ignored, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness invites us to reflect on and ask ourselves when does progress and expansion become rape. Joseph Conrad presents us with this, unfortunately, ageless book. It sheds a bright light onto the inherit darkness of our human inclinations, stripped of pretense, in the middle of the jungle where those savage tendencies are provided with a fertile ground. The combination of greed, climate and the demoralizing effect of frontier life brought out the worst in people. They were raping the land, practically stealing the ivory from the natives, whom they were treating like slaves, or even worse than slaves, for slaves in America were an expensive commodity and therefore it was in the best interest of slave-owners to keep them well fed and healthy; these poor chaps, however, were allowed to starve to death once they fell ill. ...

An invesigation of the contribrution

Over the years, there have been many definitions of insurance but the most accepted definition is that given by ALAN WILLET in 1901. He defined insurance â€Å"As the accumulation of reserves for the purpose of contingencies†. Thus it is a business activity wherein some people or parties who are subject to certain risk pay monthly or yearly premium to an insurance company to transfer the burden of such risks.Insurance also may be defined â€Å"as a contract whereby a person called the insurer or the assure agrees in consideration of money paid to him called the premium by another person called the insured or assured to indemnify the latter against losses resulting to him on the happening of certain events†¦. J. O. Rusk (1991)†. The origin of insurance initially had a connection with ships and cargoes achieving a spread of risk.This origin dates back to as early as BBC (carter, 1991) when the â€Å"Babylonians developed a system of loans on maritime ventures whereb y the loans were not repayable in the event of the loss of the venture†, to the emergence of modern insurance development which owes its credence to Great Britain, though insurance Ewing introduced into Britain by the Lombard in the 14th and 1 5th centuries (Cooker, 2002). Insurance is an intangible service paid for and received at a future date.The technicality of insurance makes it obvious for uneven incidence of risks when there are infinite numbers of identical risks. It is also a risk transfer mechanism which provides enormous benefits to the individual/organizations (both profit and non- profit), government and socio-economy at large. Every individual or organization is faced with the likelihood of a loss, injury, destruction of life or properties; hence, it is asserted that â€Å"Risk is concomitant of life† (Chipolata 2006). In other words, risk is unavoidable.Since It is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncerta in loss, it is therefore because of the liability of an organization to predict the future that insurance is purchased. 1. 2 DEFINITION OF RISK The term risk is a simple notion which cut across a layman's definition to the technicalities of business practices. When someone states that there is risk in a particular situation or context, be it business or an event, the ordinary listener understands what it means on the face of it. What then is Risk?This question can easily be answered by adopting a generally accepted definition of Risk by a renowned scholar, Dry Matthias G. Healer. He defines it as the possibility that positive expectation of a goal-oriented system will not be achieved (uncertainty) and this will be due to either certain human or inhuman factors. Furthermore, risk refers to the uncertainty that surrounds future events and its outcomes. It has an expression which looks again at likelihood and impact of an event with the potential to influence the achievement of organiz ations objectives.When â€Å"risk† is said to exist, there is also the likelihood that expected results may not match those results hoped for I. E. A deviation. Benjamin Franklin in his book observed that in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes. Yet there is some uncertainty about those two phenomena: no one can be sure when he/she will die, and tax rules and rates are frequently changed. In fact, the whole of life is surrounded by uncertainty. In some situation uncertainties are within the control of individuals or firm, others are part of the environment in which our lives operate.However, the word ‘risk used here changes. Insurance is an unsought good and the uncertainty in future events is what is being insured. Insurers' profitability in any portfolio depends largely on the frequency, the severity of its impact and its final results (uncertainty). Uncertainty is not merely a dimension of threats, hazards and risks but opportunities w hich if anticipated may result in a reward. The risk is the thing which is insured, the insured peril, the expected claims cost for any given policy, or as a general term for unwanted and uncertain future events. 1. 3 RISK MANAGEMENT AND INSURANCEOrganizations had long practiced various parts of what has come to be called risk management. Risk management is attempting to identify and manage the threats that could severely impact or bring down an organization. The management of risk is a fundamental aspect of entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurs manage the risk of accidental loss by weighing the costs and benefits of each alternative. In a structured risk management process, this involves: 1. Identify and analyze the loss exposure. 2. Formulate alternatives to dealing with such exposure 3. Select the apparent best techniques to treat exposure .Implement the decisions made 5. Monitor the effectiveness of the decisions implemented. Those who do not apply a structured process still m ake decisions about risk, although sometimes by default rather than design. For industrial or commercial firm, the objective of risk management may be to maximize profits, or to increase revenue, net worth or perhaps market share over some period, or to achieve a combination of several objectives, or Just to stay in business. Managing a multitude of internal and external risks is one of the most significant challenges facing organization set up today.Insurance serves a number of valuable functions that are largely distinct from other types of financial intermediaries. In order to highlight specifically the unique attributes of insurance, it is worth focusing on those services that are not provided by other financial services providers, excluding for instance the contractual savings features of whole or universal life products. The indemnification and risk pooling properties of insurance facilitate commercial transactions and the provision of credit by mitigating losses as well as th e measurement and management of non diversifier risk more generally.Typically insurance contracts involve small periodic payments in return for protection against uncertain, but potentially severe losses. Among other things, this income smoothing effect helps to avoid excessive and costly bankruptcies and facilitates lending to businesses. The scope of an economy's insurance market affects both the range of available alternatives and the quality of information to support decisions. For example, a manufacturer might produce only for the local market, forgoing more lucrative opportunities in distant markets in order to avoid the risk of losing goods in shipment.Transport insurance can mitigate this loss exposure and enable the manufacturer to expand. Similarly, to avoid the risk of total loss from drought, a commercial farmer may keep half of his seed in reserve. 1. 4 INSURANCE CONTRIBUTION TO AN ORGANIZATION Insurance through effective risk management contribute specialized expertise in the identification and measurement of risk. This expertise enables them to accept carefully specified risks at lower prices than non-specialists. They also have an incentive to collect and analyze information about loss exposures, since the more precisely they measure the cost of risk, the more they can expand.Over the years, the realization of risk management with the help of insurance has contributed enormously in achieving organizational goals severally. For instance, 0 It guarantees as far as possible, that the organization will not be prevented from pursuing its other goals as a result of losses associated with pure risks. 0 It contributes to profit by controlling the cost of risk for the organization 0 It can also reduce expenses through risk control measures (insurance) and as such increasing income.As a result, the insurance market generates price signals not only to manufacturing sector but to the entire economy, helping to allocate resources to more productive uses. In surers also have an incentive to control losses, which is a significant social benefit. Most fundamentally, the availability of insurance enables risk averse individuals, entrepreneurs and organizations to undertake higher risk, higher return activities than they would do in the absence of insurance, promoting higher productivity and growth. . 5 PROBLEM ANALYSIS All manufacturing companies are set up with a primary objective to produce goods that meet the needs of their customers and also to maximize profit. In the process of manufacturing goods the company is often exposed to varying and diverse risk(s) which affects all the factors of production. In as much as these factors are exposed, the logical conclusion is that the income of the company is threatened.Human lives are exposed to industrial injuries which sometimes end up in death, permanent or temporary disability, properties could be destroyed through fire out break or explosions, and liabilities could be incurred arising fro m the consumption of the product. When less emphasis is placed on these loss exposures, it will definitely lead to the demise of the company. This project therefore, will look at the effect of insurance in manufacturing sector and also whether manufacturing companies who place major significant on insurance are successful in their total business effort all other things being equal. . 5 PURPOSE OF STUDY As earlier mentioned, the aim of any manufacturing company is to maximize profit and ensure customer satisfaction. It is quiet obvious that in carrying out production the organization is exposed to so many risks. This study is focused on the effect of insurance in manufacturing these products, in essence, how risks that could not be voided, minimized, reduced or retained can be transferred to insurance companies while the organization focuses its attention to its real business. Our study seeks: 1. To find out how risks/ loss exposures has been managed in Banana breweries 2.To examine the effect of insurance in the development of the organization (Banana Breweries) as a case study 3. To examine risks that they have managed by way of transfer to insurance and how adequate are the various insurance covers. 4. To consider the extent to which insurance has contributed to the attainment of the corporate goals of Banana Breweries 5. To make policy recommendations on how insurance will assist to further develop Banana Breweries, GAMBLE, and The Gambia. 1. 6 RELEVANT RESEARCH QUESTIONS The research exercise is set out to answer the following questions: 1 .What is the level of insurance awareness in the manufacturing sector of The Gambia 2. Does insurance enhance corporate development 3. Has your company ever sustained any unusual, large or unique losses either insured or uninsured 4. Is insurance an effective risk transfer mechanism. Due to time and other constraints, the researchers had to narrow the scope of their duty to Banana Breweries co. Ltd and Gamble in The Gamb ia. The study shall focus on the effect of insurance in the above listed companies as well as its benefits.It will assist the company to continue appreciating the role that insurance plays in their activities, and also serve as a means of reviewing improvement measures in place which hopefully will bring about uncovered areas of loss exposures to their operations. 1. 9 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY All manufacturing companies exist to ensure that the shareholders maximize their wealth. Companies therefore undertake economic activities for profit. However, in heir pursuit of this venture all the factors of production are exposed to one risk or the other.Those study is primarily laying emphasis on the essence of insurance which will significantly aid the manufacturing concern to achieve their broad objectives, through a well coordinated and scientific measurement and assessment of the various risks that the manufacturing company is exposed to. The study will assist the company to continue app reciating the role that insurance plays in their activities, serve as a review of existing measures in place and hope to bring out uncovered areas of risks to their operation.

Oedipus the King Essay

One of the most important literary devices used by Sophocles in his play Oedipus the King is what is known to modern critics as the â€Å"Greek Chorus. † The chorus was an important part of Greek tragedy, not only in the plays of Sophocles, but in the work of many other playwrights as well. Sophocles, in addition to incorporating well-known myths and historical motifs into his play, used the chorus as an additional method by which to ensure the audience’s understanding of the action on the stage. He also used the chorus to help the audience to feel a sense of a participation in the action of the play and to direct their sense of the plot and to focus the audience’s sympathy on appropriate characters. The use of the chorus in Greek tragedy was, as mentioned, a common literary device, but Sophocles is well known for being a creative adapter of conventions and in his hands, the chorus functions in myriad capacities, some obvious and some subtle. In order to appreciate the importance of the chorus in a play like Oedipus the King, it is crucial to first have an understanding of how the chorus traditionally functioned in Greek tragedy. Physically, the chorus was made up of â€Å"an anonymous group of fifteen† (Taplin 12) who, in addition to functioning as characters within the play, proper, also participated in the orchestra, providing â€Å"musical accompaniment [†¦ ] on the aulos, a double pipe with reeds [†¦ ] the aulos-player stood in the orchestra, also in tragic costume† (Taplin 12). The chorus also chanted, snag, and danced â€Å"the choral odes which divide the acts of tragedy† (Taplin 12) while occasionally singing or chanting † in lyric dialogue with the actors† (Taplin 12) . In addition to these roles, the traditional chorus also featured a leader: â€Å"the koryphaios, probably distinguished slightly by costume† (Taplin 12) who might also contribute dialogue to the play. Furthermore, the chorus held a connotation for Greek audiences which is all but unknowable to modern observers and this connotation relates to the presence of â€Å"chorale† bodies of chorus-like arrangements in everyday Greek society. Even the rudimentary aspects of the chorus in its theatrical incarnation: singing and dancing, held for the Greeks, a very different social and cultural resonance than for moderns. In Greek life, † a chorus was an integral part of many communal occasions, religious and secular—festivals, weddings, funerals, victory celebrations,† (Taplin 13) and the chorus also helped to lend a sense of ritual and ceremony to â€Å"all ‘festive’ occasions in Greek life† (Taplin 13). As such, the chorus as a literary device held for the Greeks in relation to theater: â€Å"a prominent and important place [†¦ ] in the performance as a whole† (Taplin 13). The distinction between ancient and modern observers is a very important distinction to make when discussing the Greek chorus as a literary device. Quite simply, for the modern observer, the best understanding of the function of the chorus may well be that the modern observer should regard the chorus as a kind of bridge between the mythical action of the play and the audience who observes this action. In fact some critics assert that this â€Å"bridge† role was also intended by Greek playwrights who used the chorus and specifically intended to be used this way by Sophocles in Oedipus the King. For these critics, the chorus represents â€Å"an â€Å"ideal spectator† that directs our thought and attention† (Hogan 44) and this is an intentional function of the chorus as a literary device as adopted by Sophocles. Obviously, in its function as a bridge between the audience and the action on the stage, the chorus in Oedipus the King plays a pivotal, rather than decorative role. For example, in relating a sense of irony to the audience, the chorus is used by Sophocles specifically â€Å"On three occasions† (Hogan 21) to provide a focal point of ironic realization on the audience’s behalf. Therefore, when â€Å"Oedipus defends his innocence [†¦ ] both he and the chorus of Athenians remain profoundly sensitive to the pollution that still clings† (Hogan 21) while, similarly, when â€Å"Oedipus rationalizes the murder† (Hogan 21) he invokes the sense of the chorus-as-court-of-law. The irony, of course, being that both the chorus and the audience are sympathetic to the plight of Oedipus just as it is hoped on Oedius’ behalf that â€Å"A court of law would be sympathetic† (Hogan 21). Another example is when Oedipus speaks to the chorus and says: â€Å"I pray god that the unseen killer, whoever he is, and whether he killed alone or had help, be cursed with a life as evil as he is, a life of utter human deprivation. † (Sophocles 28, 297-300). Here, the coryphaeus, or leader of the chorus, also speaks lines which, ironically, indicate that he â€Å"is thinking of the killer, who is much nearer for questioning than he knows† (Hogan 36). Each of these uses of the chorus by Sophocles heightens the sense of irony in the play while simultaneously promoting a sense of audience involvement and, obviously, forwarding the plot of the tragedy. The chorus is exceptionally important as a device in helping to direct the action of the play to and through the climax. The verbal interplay between Oedipus and the chorus increases near the end of the play. By inspecting â€Å"Oedipus’ words (and to the Chorus’) during the final part of the play, we will learn what beliefs and allegiances have survived† (Sophocles 14) and what little glimmer of redemption can be said to exist in the play’s tragic climax and aftermath can be gleaned from the words of the chorus, which close the play. Although Oedipus’ closing speeches are filled with pain and lamentation, the human world remains to him as â€Å"he hears the voice of the Chorus. Clarity and poise return as he tells the Chorus it was Apollo who destroyed his life, but that it was he and no one else who chose to strike out his own eyes† (Sophocles 14). The chorus,then, emerges as the target Oedipus’s confession and the implied target of the â€Å"moral† of his story. The audience, of course, is the chorus and vice-versa, so that the closing lines of the play: â€Å"Don’t call a man god’s friend until he has come through life and crossed over into death never having been god’s victim† (Sophocles 67, 1765-1766) emerge as the cathartic â€Å"lesson† distilled from the mythic action of the story, by way of the chorus, to enrich the audience’s understanding. Works Cited Hogan, James C. A Commentary on the Plays of Sophocles. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991. Sophocles. Oedipus the King. Trans. Robert Bagg. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1982. Taplin, Oliver. Greek Tragedy in Action. London: Routledge, 2003.